Table of contents
Nancy Ide, Greg Priest-Dorman, Tomaž Erjavec, Tamas Varadi
2009-10-06
CATEGORY (en) | Value (en) | Code (en) | Attributes |
CATEGORY | Noun | N | 3 |
CATEGORY | Verb | V | 5 |
CATEGORY | Adjective | A | 2 |
CATEGORY | Pronoun | P | 8 |
CATEGORY | Determiner | D | 6 |
CATEGORY | Adverb | R | 3 |
CATEGORY | Adposition | S | 1 |
CATEGORY | Conjunction | C | 2 |
CATEGORY | Numeral | M | 1 |
CATEGORY | Interjection | I | 0 |
CATEGORY | Abbreviation | Y | 0 |
CATEGORY | Residual | X | 0 |
P | Attribute (en) | Value (en) | Code (en) |
0 | CATEGORY | Noun | N |
1 | Type | common | c |
proper | p | ||
2 | Gender | masculine | m |
feminine | f | ||
neuter | n | ||
3 | Number | singular | s |
plural | p |
This index gives the complete list of morphosyntactic descriptions (MSDs) and their features. In the table below, the first column gives the MSD, the second its expansion into a feature-structure, the third gives the number of entries in the lexicon (71,784 entries), and the fourth gives some examples as word-form/lemma. The list was extracted form the English MULTEXT-East lexicon.
MSD (en) | Features (en) | Lexical entries | Examples of usage |
Nc | Noun Type=common | 4 | Portuguese, o, Flemish, Dutch |
Nc-s | Noun Type=common Number=singular | 115 | winner, wholesaler, welder, ward, Vietnamese, victim, veteran |
Nc-p | Noun Type=common Number=plural | 88 | winners/winner, wholesalers/wholesaler, welders/welder, wards/ward |
Ncm | Noun Type=common Gender=masculine | 5 | Taiwanese, Sudanese, next-of-kin, eldest, deceased |
Ncms | Noun Type=common Gender=masculine Number=singular | 118 | widower, welterweight, volunteer, viscount, vice-chairman, treble |
Ncmp | Noun Type=common Gender=masculine Number=plural | 85 | widowers/widower, welterweights/welterweight, viscounts/viscount |
Ncf | Noun Type=common Gender=feminine | 5 | Taiwanese, Sudanese, next-of-kin, eldest, deceased |
Ncfs | Noun Type=common Gender=feminine Number=singular | 119 | wren, woman, wife, widow, whore, waitress, volunteer, usherette |
Ncfp | Noun Type=common Gender=feminine Number=plural | 82 | wrens/wren, women/woman, wives/wife, widows/widow, whores/whore |
Ncn | Noun Type=common Gender=neuter | 82 | zebra, youth, yen, works, winnings, whiting, whitebait, waxworks |
Ncns | Noun Type=common Gender=neuter Number=singular | 11786 | zoo, zoom, zoology, zoologist, zone, zombie, zodiac, zither, zip |
Ncnp | Noun Type=common Gender=neuter Number=plural | 9696 | zoos/zoo, zooms/zoom, zoologists/zoologist, zones/zone, zombies/zombie |
Np | Noun Type=proper | 1087 | Zurich, Zulu, Zug, Zion, Zimbabwe, Zermatt, Zambia, Zambezi, Zaire |
Np-s | Noun Type=proper Number=singular | 1 | nazi |
Np-p | Noun Type=proper Number=plural | 1 | nazis |
Npms | Noun Type=proper Gender=masculine Number=singular | 4 | tom, oliver, norman, martin |
Npfs | Noun Type=proper Gender=feminine Number=singular | 1 | julia |
Npns | Noun Type=proper Gender=neuter Number=singular | 85 | Yule, Xmas, winston, wilsher, Whitsun, Wednesday, Wales, Vietnam |
Npnp | Noun Type=proper Gender=neuter Number=plural | 2 | Olympics, negroids/negroid |
P | Attribute (en) | Value (en) | Code (en) |
0 | CATEGORY | Verb | V |
1 | Type | main | m |
auxiliary | a | ||
modal | o | ||
base | b | ||
2 | VForm | indicative | i |
conditional | c | ||
infinitive | n | ||
participle | p | ||
3 | Tense | present | p |
past | s | ||
4 | Person | first | 1 |
second | 2 | ||
third | 3 | ||
5 | Number | singular | s |
plural | p |
These tags do not attempt to represent distinctions found in the various compound verb-forms. These are composed of a sequence of auxiliary and non-finite verb as follows:
future | will/shall + base |
conditional | would/should + base |
passive | be + past participle |
perfect | have + past participle |
past perfect | have-past + past participle |
present continuous | be + present participle |
infinitive | to + base |
So there is no "aspect" attribute or "future" value, for example.
This index gives the complete list of morphosyntactic descriptions (MSDs) and their features. In the table below, the first column gives the MSD, the second its expansion into a feature-structure, the third gives the number of entries in the lexicon (71,784 entries), and the fourth gives some examples as word-form/lemma. The list was extracted form the English MULTEXT-East lexicon.
MSD (en) | Features (en) | Lexical entries | Examples of usage |
Vmip | Verb Type=main VForm=indicative Tense=present | 3 | nose, lacquered/lacquer, daren't/dare+not |
Vmip-p | Verb Type=main VForm=indicative Tense=present Number=plural | 4105 | zoom, zip, zigzag, yodel, yield, yelp, yell, yellow, yearn |
Vmip1s | Verb Type=main VForm=indicative Tense=present Person=first Number=singular | 4104 | zoom, zip, zigzag, yodel, yield, yelp, yell, yellow, yearn |
Vmip2s | Verb Type=main VForm=indicative Tense=present Person=second Number=singular | 4105 | zoom, zip, zigzag, yodel, yield, yelp, yell, yellow, yearn |
Vmip3s | Verb Type=main VForm=indicative Tense=present Person=third Number=singular | 4103 | zooms/zoom, zips/zip, zigzags/zigzag, yodels/yodel, yields/yield |
Vmis | Verb Type=main VForm=indicative Tense=past | 4159 | zoomed/zoom, zipped/zip, zigzagged/zigzag, yodelled/yodel, yielded/yield |
Vmis-p | Verb Type=main VForm=indicative Tense=past Number=plural | 2 | weren't/be+not, were/be |
Vmis1s | Verb Type=main VForm=indicative Tense=past Person=first Number=singular | 3 | wass/be, wasn't/be+not, was/be |
Vmis2s | Verb Type=main VForm=indicative Tense=past Person=second Number=singular | 2 | weren't/be+not, were/be |
Vmis3s | Verb Type=main VForm=indicative Tense=past Person=third Number=singular | 3 | wass/be, wasn't/be+not, was/be |
Vmcs | Verb Type=main VForm=conditional Tense=past | 1 | weren't/be+not |
Vmn | Verb Type=main VForm=infinitive | 4105 | zoom, zip, zigzag, yodel, yield, yelp, yell, yellow, yearn |
Vmnp | Verb Type=main VForm=infinitive Tense=present | 1 | be |
Vmpp | Verb Type=main VForm=participle Tense=present | 4118 | zooming/zoom, zipping/zip, zigzagging/zigzag, yodelling/yodel |
Vmps | Verb Type=main VForm=participle Tense=past | 4168 | zoomed/zoom, zipped/zip, zigzagged/zigzag, yodelled/yodel, yielded/yield |
Vaip | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=indicative Tense=present | 3 | oughter/have, 'A/have, 'a/have |
Vaip-p | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=indicative Tense=present Number=plural | 14 | 've/have, 're/be, haven't/have+not, have, dont/do, don't/do+not |
Vaip1s | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=indicative Tense=present Person=first Number=singular | 13 | 've/have, 'm/be, haven't/have+not, have, dont/do, don't/do+not |
Vaip2s | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=indicative Tense=present Person=second Number=singular | 13 | 're/be, haven't/have+not, have, dont/do, don't/do+not, dono, 'Ave/have |
Vaip3s | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=indicative Tense=present Person=third Number=singular | 12 | 's/have, 's/be, isn't/be+not, is/be, hasn't/have+not, has/have |
Vais | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=indicative Tense=past | 7 | hadn't/have+not, had/have, didnt/do+not, didn't/do+not, did/do |
Vais-p | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=indicative Tense=past Number=plural | 2 | weren't/be+not, were/be |
Vais1s | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=indicative Tense=past Person=first Number=singular | 3 | wass/be, wasn't/be+not, was/be |
Vais2s | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=indicative Tense=past Person=second Number=singular | 2 | weren't/be+not, were/be |
Vais3s | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=indicative Tense=past Person=third Number=singular | 3 | wass/be, wasn't/be+not, was/be |
Vacs | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=conditional Tense=past | 1 | were/be |
Van | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=infinitive | 8 | have, do, d', be, 'Ave, 'ave, 'A, 'a |
Vapp | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=participle Tense=present | 3 | having/have, doing/do, being/be |
Vaps | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=participle Tense=past | 2 | done/do, been/be |
Voip | Verb Type=modal VForm=indicative Tense=present | 22 | would, wouldn't/would+not, won't/will+not, will, should, shouldn't/should+not |
P | Attribute (en) | Value (en) | Code (en) |
0 | CATEGORY | Adjective | A |
1 | Type | qualificative | f |
2 | Degree | positive | p |
comparative | c | ||
superlative | s |
Gender, number and case irrelevant for English.
Attributive/predicative distinction reflects positional constraints - some adjectives ('mere', 'utter', etc.) only appear in prenominal position, while others ('awake', 'devoid', etc.) only appear in predicative position. Most can appear in either.
Since many English comparatives and superlatives are formed with more/most, "positive" cannot be interpreted as "neither comparative nor superlative". See "Adverbs".
This index gives the complete list of morphosyntactic descriptions (MSDs) and their features. In the table below, the first column gives the MSD, the second its expansion into a feature-structure, the third gives the number of entries in the lexicon (71,784 entries), and the fourth gives some examples as word-form/lemma. The list was extracted form the English MULTEXT-East lexicon.
MSD (en) | Features (en) | Lexical entries | Examples of usage |
Af | Adjective Type=qualificative | 865 | zany, young, yellow, yeasty, wry, wrinkly, worthy, wormy, worldly |
Afp | Adjective Type=qualificative Degree=positive | 8533 | zoological, zonal, Zionist, Zimbabwean, zigzag, zenithal, zealous |
Afc | Adjective Type=qualificative Degree=comparative | 919 | zanier/zany, younger/young, yellower/yellow, yeastier/yeasty |
Afs | Adjective Type=qualificative Degree=superlative | 723 | zaniest/zany, youngest/young, yellowest/yellow, wriest/wry, worthiest/worthy |
P | Attribute (en) | Value (en) | Code (en) |
0 | CATEGORY | Pronoun | P |
1 | Type | personal | p |
possessive | s | ||
interrogative | q | ||
relative | r | ||
reflexive | x | ||
general | g | ||
ex-there | t | ||
2 | Person | first | 1 |
second | 2 | ||
third | 3 | ||
3 | Gender | masculine | m |
feminine | f | ||
neuter | n | ||
4 | Number | singular | s |
plural | p | ||
5 | Case | nominative | n |
accusative | a | ||
6 | Owner_Number | singular | s |
plural | p | ||
7 | Owner_Gender | masculine | m |
feminine | f | ||
17 | Wh_Type | relative | r |
question | q |
"General" pronouns are those which are not personal, possessive, demonstrative or reflexive. The choice of these four categories is based on distributional facts, though at a rather high level of abstraction. They enter into anaphoric dependencies which are signalled morphosyntactically and are therefore (in principle) more amenable to automatic detection. Most general pronouns do not, although they too sometimes encode number information.
"WH" attribute added to allow for combination of possessive and WH in "whose".
This index gives the complete list of morphosyntactic descriptions (MSDs) and their features. In the table below, the first column gives the MSD, the second its expansion into a feature-structure, the third gives the number of entries in the lexicon (71,784 entries), and the fourth gives some examples as word-form/lemma. The list was extracted form the English MULTEXT-East lexicon.
MSD (en) | Features (en) | Lexical entries | Examples of usage |
Pp---------------r | Pronoun Type=personal Wh_Type=relative | 2 | who, whoever |
Pp---------------q | Pronoun Type=personal Wh_Type=question | 2 | who, whoever |
Pp---a-----------r | Pronoun Type=personal Case=accusative Wh_Type=relative | 1 | whom |
Pp---a-----------q | Pronoun Type=personal Case=accusative Wh_Type=question | 1 | whom |
Pp--sn | Pronoun Type=personal Number=singular Case=nominative | 1 | me |
Pp--pn | Pronoun Type=personal Number=plural Case=nominative | 1 | they |
Pp1-sn | Pronoun Type=personal Person=first Number=singular Case=nominative | 1 | I |
Pp1-pn | Pronoun Type=personal Person=first Number=plural Case=nominative | 1 | we |
Pp1-pa | Pronoun Type=personal Person=first Number=plural Case=accusative | 1 | us |
Pp2 | Pronoun Type=personal Person=second | 1 | you |
Pp2--a | Pronoun Type=personal Person=second Case=accusative | 1 | thee/you |
Pp2-p | Pronoun Type=personal Person=second Number=plural | 1 | thou |
Pp3-pa | Pronoun Type=personal Person=third Number=plural Case=accusative | 3 | them, 'Em/them, 'em/them |
Pp3ms | Pronoun Type=personal Person=third Gender=masculine Number=singular | 1 | one |
Pp3msn | Pronoun Type=personal Person=third Gender=masculine Number=singular Case=nominative | 1 | he |
Pp3msa | Pronoun Type=personal Person=third Gender=masculine Number=singular Case=accusative | 5 | 'Im/him, 'im/him, him, 'E/he, 'e/he |
Pp3fs | Pronoun Type=personal Person=third Gender=feminine Number=singular | 1 | one |
Pp3fsn | Pronoun Type=personal Person=third Gender=feminine Number=singular Case=nominative | 1 | she |
Pp3fsa | Pronoun Type=personal Person=third Gender=feminine Number=singular Case=accusative | 3 | her, 'Er/her, 'er/her |
Pp3ns | Pronoun Type=personal Person=third Gender=neuter Number=singular | 1 | it |
Ps3 | Pronoun Type=possessive Person=third | 1 | yours |
Ps3--------------r | Pronoun Type=possessive Person=third Wh_Type=relative | 1 | whose |
Ps3--------------q | Pronoun Type=possessive Person=third Wh_Type=question | 1 | whose |
Ps3---s | Pronoun Type=possessive Person=third Owner_Number=singular | 1 | mine |
Ps3---sm | Pronoun Type=possessive Person=third Owner_Number=singular Owner_Gender=masculine | 2 | 'is/his, his |
Ps3---sf | Pronoun Type=possessive Person=third Owner_Number=singular Owner_Gender=feminine | 1 | hers |
Ps3---p | Pronoun Type=possessive Person=third Owner_Number=plural | 2 | theirs, ours |
Px1-s | Pronoun Type=reflexive Person=first Number=singular | 1 | myself |
Px1-p | Pronoun Type=reflexive Person=first Number=plural | 1 | ourselves |
Px2-s | Pronoun Type=reflexive Person=second Number=singular | 1 | yourself |
Px2-p | Pronoun Type=reflexive Person=second Number=plural | 1 | yourselves |
Px3-s | Pronoun Type=reflexive Person=third Number=singular | 2 | oneself, meself |
Px3-p | Pronoun Type=reflexive Person=third Number=plural | 1 | themselves |
Px3ms | Pronoun Type=reflexive Person=third Gender=masculine Number=singular | 3 | isself/himself, 'isself/himself, himself |
Px3fs | Pronoun Type=reflexive Person=third Gender=feminine Number=singular | 1 | herself |
Px3ns | Pronoun Type=reflexive Person=third Gender=neuter Number=singular | 1 | itself |
Pg3--------------r | Pronoun Type=general Person=third Wh_Type=relative | 3 | which, whichever, whatever |
Pg3--------------q | Pronoun Type=general Person=third Wh_Type=question | 4 | which, whichever, what, whatever |
Pg3-s | Pronoun Type=general Person=third Number=singular | 1 | another |
Pg3-p | Pronoun Type=general Person=third Number=plural | 2 | several, others |
Pg3ms | Pronoun Type=general Person=third Gender=masculine Number=singular | 5 | someone, somebody, no-one, nobody, anybody |
Pg3fs | Pronoun Type=general Person=third Gender=feminine Number=singular | 5 | someone, somebody, no-one, nobody, anybody |
Pg3n | Pronoun Type=general Person=third Gender=neuter | 5 | some, none, most, any, all |
Pg3ns | Pronoun Type=general Person=third Gender=neuter Number=singular | 14 | tis/this, this, that, something, nothing, neither, less, everything |
Pg3np | Pronoun Type=general Person=third Gender=neuter Number=plural | 5 | those, these, many, few, both |
Pt3 | Pronoun Type=ex-there Person=third | 1 | there |
P | Attribute (en) | Value (en) | Code (en) |
0 | CATEGORY | Determiner | D |
1 | Type | demonstrative | d |
indefinite | i | ||
possessive | s | ||
general | g | ||
2 | Person | first | 1 |
second | 2 | ||
third | 3 | ||
4 | Number | singular | s |
plural | p | ||
6 | Owner_Number | singular | s |
plural | p | ||
7 | Owner_Gender | masculine | m |
feminine | f | ||
neuter | n | ||
10 | Wh_Type | relative | r |
question | q |
Definite and indefinite articles represented as values of "Type".
This index gives the complete list of morphosyntactic descriptions (MSDs) and their features. In the table below, the first column gives the MSD, the second its expansion into a feature-structure, the third gives the number of entries in the lexicon (71,784 entries), and the fourth gives some examples as word-form/lemma. The list was extracted form the English MULTEXT-East lexicon.
MSD (en) | Features (en) | Lexical entries | Examples of usage |
Dd | Determiner Type=demonstrative | 1 | the |
Di | Determiner Type=indefinite | 2 | an/a, a |
Ds--------r | Determiner Type=possessive Wh_Type=relative | 1 | whose |
Ds--------q | Determiner Type=possessive Wh_Type=question | 1 | whose |
Ds1---s | Determiner Type=possessive Person=first Owner_Number=singular | 1 | my |
Ds1---p | Determiner Type=possessive Person=first Owner_Number=plural | 1 | our |
Ds2 | Determiner Type=possessive Person=second | 1 | your |
Ds3---sm | Determiner Type=possessive Person=third Owner_Number=singular Owner_Gender=masculine | 2 | 'is/his, his |
Ds3---sf | Determiner Type=possessive Person=third Owner_Number=singular Owner_Gender=feminine | 3 | her, 'Er/her, 'er/her |
Ds3---sn | Determiner Type=possessive Person=third Owner_Number=singular Owner_Gender=neuter | 1 | its |
Ds3---p | Determiner Type=possessive Person=third Owner_Number=plural | 1 | their |
Dg | Determiner Type=general | 4 | some, no, each, any |
Dg--------r | Determiner Type=general Wh_Type=relative | 2 | which, whichever |
Dg--------q | Determiner Type=general Wh_Type=question | 4 | which, whichever, what, whatever |
Dg--s | Determiner Type=general Number=singular | 10 | tis/this, this, that, neither, much, little, less, every, either |
Dg--p | Determiner Type=general Number=plural | 10 | those, these, such, other, most, many, few, certain, both |
P | Attribute (en) | Value (en) | Code (en) |
0 | CATEGORY | Adverb | R |
1 | Type | modifier | m |
specifier | s | ||
2 | Degree | positive | p |
comparative | c | ||
superlative | s | ||
6 | Wh_Type | relative | r |
question | q |
No distinction has been made between different types of "modifier" adverbs ("sentence-modifying", "VP-modifying", etc.), since their distributions overlap considerably.
This index gives the complete list of morphosyntactic descriptions (MSDs) and their features. In the table below, the first column gives the MSD, the second its expansion into a feature-structure, the third gives the number of entries in the lexicon (71,784 entries), and the fourth gives some examples as word-form/lemma. The list was extracted form the English MULTEXT-East lexicon.
MSD (en) | Features (en) | Lexical entries | Examples of usage |
R-p---q | Adverb Degree=positive Wh_Type=question | 3 | 'Ow, 'ow, how |
Rmp | Adverb Type=modifier Degree=positive | 3882 | zoologically, zealously, zanily, youthfully, youngly, yonder |
Rmp---r | Adverb Type=modifier Degree=positive Wh_Type=relative | 3 | where, whereupon, when |
Rmp---q | Adverb Type=modifier Degree=positive Wh_Type=question | 3 | why, where, when |
Rmc | Adverb Type=modifier Degree=comparative | 2 | worse, better |
Rms | Adverb Type=modifier Degree=superlative | 2 | worst, best |
Rsp | Adverb Type=specifier Degree=positive | 5 | very, too, so, much, as |
Rsc | Adverb Type=specifier Degree=comparative | 2 | more, less |
Rss | Adverb Type=specifier Degree=superlative | 2 | most, least |
P | Attribute (en) | Value (en) | Code (en) |
0 | CATEGORY | Adposition | S |
1 | Type | preposition | p |
postposition | t |
Postpositions are rare in English.
"possessive" 's and ' might be considered postpositions, especially if the alternative is to assign them to the unique membership class (where by definition they would be unrelated).
This index gives the complete list of morphosyntactic descriptions (MSDs) and their features. In the table below, the first column gives the MSD, the second its expansion into a feature-structure, the third gives the number of entries in the lexicon (71,784 entries), and the fourth gives some examples as word-form/lemma. The list was extracted form the English MULTEXT-East lexicon.
MSD (en) | Features (en) | Lexical entries | Examples of usage |
Sp | Adposition Type=preposition | 89 | with, without, within, vis-à-vis, via, versus, upward, up, upper |
St | Adposition Type=postposition | 5 | 's/have, notwithstanding, '/have, away, ago |
P | Attribute (en) | Value (en) | Code (en) |
0 | CATEGORY | Conjunction | C |
1 | Type | coordinating | c |
subordinating | s | ||
3 | Coord_Type | initial | i |
non-initial | n |
Subordinating conjunctions are often identical to prepositions (before, after, since, ...).
This index gives the complete list of morphosyntactic descriptions (MSDs) and their features. In the table below, the first column gives the MSD, the second its expansion into a feature-structure, the third gives the number of entries in the lexicon (71,784 entries), and the fourth gives some examples as word-form/lemma. The list was extracted form the English MULTEXT-East lexicon.
MSD (en) | Features (en) | Lexical entries | Examples of usage |
Cc | Conjunction Type=coordinating | 1 | as |
Cc-i | Conjunction Type=coordinating Coord_Type=initial | 2 | neither, either |
Cc-n | Conjunction Type=coordinating Coord_Type=non-initial | 5 | than, or, nor, but, and |
Cs | Conjunction Type=subordinating | 52 | yet, whilst, while, whether, where, wherever, whereby, whereas |
P | Attribute (en) | Value (en) | Code (en) |
0 | CATEGORY | Numeral | M |
1 | Type | cardinal | c |
ordinal | o |
These have not been subsumed under adjectives, pronouns, determiners, etc. because the internal structure of complex numerals is idiosyncratic.
This index gives the complete list of morphosyntactic descriptions (MSDs) and their features. In the table below, the first column gives the MSD, the second its expansion into a feature-structure, the third gives the number of entries in the lexicon (71,784 entries), and the fourth gives some examples as word-form/lemma. The list was extracted form the English MULTEXT-East lexicon.
MSD (en) | Features (en) | Lexical entries | Examples of usage |
Mc | Numeral Type=cardinal | 40 | zero, two, twenty, twenty-seven, twenty-five, twelve, trillion |
Mo | Numeral Type=ordinal | 33 | twentieth, twelfth, trillionth, thousandth, thirtieth, thirteenth |
P | Attribute (en) | Value (en) | Code (en) |
0 | CATEGORY | Interjection | I |
This index gives the complete list of morphosyntactic descriptions (MSDs) and their features. In the table below, the first column gives the MSD, the second its expansion into a feature-structure, the third gives the number of entries in the lexicon (71,784 entries), and the fourth gives some examples as word-form/lemma. The list was extracted form the English MULTEXT-East lexicon.
MSD (en) | Features (en) | Lexical entries | Examples of usage |
I | Interjection | 14 | oh-o-o-o-oh, oh, hullo, hi, 'em, eh, clankclank, an', alas |
P | Attribute (en) | Value (en) | Code (en) |
0 | CATEGORY | Abbreviation | Y |
This index gives the complete list of morphosyntactic descriptions (MSDs) and their features. In the table below, the first column gives the MSD, the second its expansion into a feature-structure, the third gives the number of entries in the lexicon (71,784 entries), and the fourth gives some examples as word-form/lemma. The list was extracted form the English MULTEXT-East lexicon.
MSD (en) | Features (en) | Lexical entries | Examples of usage |
Y | Abbreviation | 1 | Dr. |
P | Attribute (en) | Value (en) | Code (en) |
0 | CATEGORY | Residual | X |
In this section all the attributes presented in the tables are listed in alphabetical order.
Attribute (en) | Category (en) | Position |
Case | Pronoun | 5 |
Coord_Type | Conjunction | 3 |
Degree | Adjective | 2 |
Degree | Adverb | 2 |
Gender | Noun | 2 |
Gender | Pronoun | 3 |
Number | Determiner | 4 |
Number | Noun | 3 |
Number | Pronoun | 4 |
Number | Verb | 5 |
Owner_Gender | Determiner | 7 |
Owner_Gender | Pronoun | 7 |
Owner_Number | Determiner | 6 |
Owner_Number | Pronoun | 6 |
Person | Determiner | 2 |
Person | Pronoun | 2 |
Person | Verb | 4 |
Tense | Verb | 3 |
Type | Adjective | 1 |
Type | Adposition | 1 |
Type | Adverb | 1 |
Type | Conjunction | 1 |
Type | Determiner | 1 |
Type | Noun | 1 |
Type | Numeral | 1 |
Type | Pronoun | 1 |
Type | Verb | 1 |
VForm | Verb | 2 |
Wh_Type | Adverb | 6 |
Wh_Type | Determiner | 10 |
Wh_Type | Pronoun | 17 |
The values presented within the tables are, in the following, listed in alphabetical order; the first column gives the name of the value, the second column its code and the third lists attributes for which the value is appropriate.
Value (en) | Code (en) | Attribute (en) | Category (en) |
accusative | a | Case | Pronoun |
auxiliary | a | Type | Verb |
base | b | Type | Verb |
cardinal | c | Type | Numeral |
common | c | Type | Noun |
comparative | c | Degree | Adjective |
comparative | c | Degree | Adverb |
conditional | c | VForm | Verb |
coordinating | c | Type | Conjunction |
demonstrative | d | Type | Determiner |
ex-there | t | Type | Pronoun |
feminine | f | Gender | Noun |
feminine | f | Gender | Pronoun |
feminine | f | Owner_Gender | Determiner |
feminine | f | Owner_Gender | Pronoun |
first | 1 | Person | Determiner |
first | 1 | Person | Pronoun |
first | 1 | Person | Verb |
general | g | Type | Determiner |
general | g | Type | Pronoun |
indefinite | i | Type | Determiner |
indicative | i | VForm | Verb |
infinitive | n | VForm | Verb |
initial | i | Coord_Type | Conjunction |
interrogative | q | Type | Pronoun |
main | m | Type | Verb |
masculine | m | Gender | Noun |
masculine | m | Gender | Pronoun |
masculine | m | Owner_Gender | Determiner |
masculine | m | Owner_Gender | Pronoun |
modal | o | Type | Verb |
modifier | m | Type | Adverb |
neuter | n | Gender | Noun |
neuter | n | Gender | Pronoun |
neuter | n | Owner_Gender | Determiner |
nominative | n | Case | Pronoun |
non-initial | n | Coord_Type | Conjunction |
ordinal | o | Type | Numeral |
participle | p | VForm | Verb |
past | s | Tense | Verb |
personal | p | Type | Pronoun |
plural | p | Number | Determiner |
plural | p | Number | Noun |
plural | p | Number | Pronoun |
plural | p | Number | Verb |
plural | p | Owner_Number | Determiner |
plural | p | Owner_Number | Pronoun |
positive | p | Degree | Adjective |
positive | p | Degree | Adverb |
possessive | s | Type | Determiner |
possessive | s | Type | Pronoun |
postposition | t | Type | Adposition |
preposition | p | Type | Adposition |
present | p | Tense | Verb |
proper | p | Type | Noun |
qualificative | f | Type | Adjective |
question | q | Wh_Type | Adverb |
question | q | Wh_Type | Determiner |
question | q | Wh_Type | Pronoun |
reflexive | x | Type | Pronoun |
relative | r | Type | Pronoun |
relative | r | Wh_Type | Adverb |
relative | r | Wh_Type | Determiner |
relative | r | Wh_Type | Pronoun |
second | 2 | Person | Determiner |
second | 2 | Person | Pronoun |
second | 2 | Person | Verb |
singular | s | Number | Determiner |
singular | s | Number | Noun |
singular | s | Number | Pronoun |
singular | s | Number | Verb |
singular | s | Owner_Number | Determiner |
singular | s | Owner_Number | Pronoun |
specifier | s | Type | Adverb |
subordinating | s | Type | Conjunction |
superlative | s | Degree | Adjective |
superlative | s | Degree | Adverb |
third | 3 | Person | Determiner |
third | 3 | Person | Pronoun |
third | 3 | Person | Verb |
This index gives the complete list of morphosyntactic descriptions (MSDs) and their features. In the table below, the first column gives the MSD, the second its expansion into a feature-structure, the third gives the number of entries in the lexicon (71,784 entries), and the fourth gives some examples as word-form/lemma. The list was extracted form the English MULTEXT-East lexicon.
MSD (en) | Features (en) | Lexical entries | Examples of usage |
Nc | Noun Type=common | 4 | Portuguese, o, Flemish, Dutch |
Nc-s | Noun Type=common Number=singular | 115 | winner, wholesaler, welder, ward, Vietnamese, victim, veteran |
Nc-p | Noun Type=common Number=plural | 88 | winners/winner, wholesalers/wholesaler, welders/welder, wards/ward |
Ncm | Noun Type=common Gender=masculine | 5 | Taiwanese, Sudanese, next-of-kin, eldest, deceased |
Ncms | Noun Type=common Gender=masculine Number=singular | 118 | widower, welterweight, volunteer, viscount, vice-chairman, treble |
Ncmp | Noun Type=common Gender=masculine Number=plural | 85 | widowers/widower, welterweights/welterweight, viscounts/viscount |
Ncf | Noun Type=common Gender=feminine | 5 | Taiwanese, Sudanese, next-of-kin, eldest, deceased |
Ncfs | Noun Type=common Gender=feminine Number=singular | 119 | wren, woman, wife, widow, whore, waitress, volunteer, usherette |
Ncfp | Noun Type=common Gender=feminine Number=plural | 82 | wrens/wren, women/woman, wives/wife, widows/widow, whores/whore |
Ncn | Noun Type=common Gender=neuter | 82 | zebra, youth, yen, works, winnings, whiting, whitebait, waxworks |
Ncns | Noun Type=common Gender=neuter Number=singular | 11786 | zoo, zoom, zoology, zoologist, zone, zombie, zodiac, zither, zip |
Ncnp | Noun Type=common Gender=neuter Number=plural | 9696 | zoos/zoo, zooms/zoom, zoologists/zoologist, zones/zone, zombies/zombie |
Np | Noun Type=proper | 1087 | Zurich, Zulu, Zug, Zion, Zimbabwe, Zermatt, Zambia, Zambezi, Zaire |
Np-s | Noun Type=proper Number=singular | 1 | nazi |
Np-p | Noun Type=proper Number=plural | 1 | nazis |
Npms | Noun Type=proper Gender=masculine Number=singular | 4 | tom, oliver, norman, martin |
Npfs | Noun Type=proper Gender=feminine Number=singular | 1 | julia |
Npns | Noun Type=proper Gender=neuter Number=singular | 85 | Yule, Xmas, winston, wilsher, Whitsun, Wednesday, Wales, Vietnam |
Npnp | Noun Type=proper Gender=neuter Number=plural | 2 | Olympics, negroids/negroid |
Vmip | Verb Type=main VForm=indicative Tense=present | 3 | nose, lacquered/lacquer, daren't/dare+not |
Vmip-p | Verb Type=main VForm=indicative Tense=present Number=plural | 4105 | zoom, zip, zigzag, yodel, yield, yelp, yell, yellow, yearn |
Vmip1s | Verb Type=main VForm=indicative Tense=present Person=first Number=singular | 4104 | zoom, zip, zigzag, yodel, yield, yelp, yell, yellow, yearn |
Vmip2s | Verb Type=main VForm=indicative Tense=present Person=second Number=singular | 4105 | zoom, zip, zigzag, yodel, yield, yelp, yell, yellow, yearn |
Vmip3s | Verb Type=main VForm=indicative Tense=present Person=third Number=singular | 4103 | zooms/zoom, zips/zip, zigzags/zigzag, yodels/yodel, yields/yield |
Vmis | Verb Type=main VForm=indicative Tense=past | 4159 | zoomed/zoom, zipped/zip, zigzagged/zigzag, yodelled/yodel, yielded/yield |
Vmis-p | Verb Type=main VForm=indicative Tense=past Number=plural | 2 | weren't/be+not, were/be |
Vmis1s | Verb Type=main VForm=indicative Tense=past Person=first Number=singular | 3 | wass/be, wasn't/be+not, was/be |
Vmis2s | Verb Type=main VForm=indicative Tense=past Person=second Number=singular | 2 | weren't/be+not, were/be |
Vmis3s | Verb Type=main VForm=indicative Tense=past Person=third Number=singular | 3 | wass/be, wasn't/be+not, was/be |
Vmcs | Verb Type=main VForm=conditional Tense=past | 1 | weren't/be+not |
Vmn | Verb Type=main VForm=infinitive | 4105 | zoom, zip, zigzag, yodel, yield, yelp, yell, yellow, yearn |
Vmnp | Verb Type=main VForm=infinitive Tense=present | 1 | be |
Vmpp | Verb Type=main VForm=participle Tense=present | 4118 | zooming/zoom, zipping/zip, zigzagging/zigzag, yodelling/yodel |
Vmps | Verb Type=main VForm=participle Tense=past | 4168 | zoomed/zoom, zipped/zip, zigzagged/zigzag, yodelled/yodel, yielded/yield |
Vaip | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=indicative Tense=present | 3 | oughter/have, 'A/have, 'a/have |
Vaip-p | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=indicative Tense=present Number=plural | 14 | 've/have, 're/be, haven't/have+not, have, dont/do, don't/do+not |
Vaip1s | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=indicative Tense=present Person=first Number=singular | 13 | 've/have, 'm/be, haven't/have+not, have, dont/do, don't/do+not |
Vaip2s | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=indicative Tense=present Person=second Number=singular | 13 | 're/be, haven't/have+not, have, dont/do, don't/do+not, dono, 'Ave/have |
Vaip3s | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=indicative Tense=present Person=third Number=singular | 12 | 's/have, 's/be, isn't/be+not, is/be, hasn't/have+not, has/have |
Vais | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=indicative Tense=past | 7 | hadn't/have+not, had/have, didnt/do+not, didn't/do+not, did/do |
Vais-p | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=indicative Tense=past Number=plural | 2 | weren't/be+not, were/be |
Vais1s | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=indicative Tense=past Person=first Number=singular | 3 | wass/be, wasn't/be+not, was/be |
Vais2s | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=indicative Tense=past Person=second Number=singular | 2 | weren't/be+not, were/be |
Vais3s | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=indicative Tense=past Person=third Number=singular | 3 | wass/be, wasn't/be+not, was/be |
Vacs | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=conditional Tense=past | 1 | were/be |
Van | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=infinitive | 8 | have, do, d', be, 'Ave, 'ave, 'A, 'a |
Vapp | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=participle Tense=present | 3 | having/have, doing/do, being/be |
Vaps | Verb Type=auxiliary VForm=participle Tense=past | 2 | done/do, been/be |
Voip | Verb Type=modal VForm=indicative Tense=present | 22 | would, wouldn't/would+not, won't/will+not, will, should, shouldn't/should+not |
Af | Adjective Type=qualificative | 865 | zany, young, yellow, yeasty, wry, wrinkly, worthy, wormy, worldly |
Afp | Adjective Type=qualificative Degree=positive | 8533 | zoological, zonal, Zionist, Zimbabwean, zigzag, zenithal, zealous |
Afc | Adjective Type=qualificative Degree=comparative | 919 | zanier/zany, younger/young, yellower/yellow, yeastier/yeasty |
Afs | Adjective Type=qualificative Degree=superlative | 723 | zaniest/zany, youngest/young, yellowest/yellow, wriest/wry, worthiest/worthy |
Pp---------------r | Pronoun Type=personal Wh_Type=relative | 2 | who, whoever |
Pp---------------q | Pronoun Type=personal Wh_Type=question | 2 | who, whoever |
Pp---a-----------r | Pronoun Type=personal Case=accusative Wh_Type=relative | 1 | whom |
Pp---a-----------q | Pronoun Type=personal Case=accusative Wh_Type=question | 1 | whom |
Pp--sn | Pronoun Type=personal Number=singular Case=nominative | 1 | me |
Pp--pn | Pronoun Type=personal Number=plural Case=nominative | 1 | they |
Pp1-sn | Pronoun Type=personal Person=first Number=singular Case=nominative | 1 | I |
Pp1-pn | Pronoun Type=personal Person=first Number=plural Case=nominative | 1 | we |
Pp1-pa | Pronoun Type=personal Person=first Number=plural Case=accusative | 1 | us |
Pp2 | Pronoun Type=personal Person=second | 1 | you |
Pp2--a | Pronoun Type=personal Person=second Case=accusative | 1 | thee/you |
Pp2-p | Pronoun Type=personal Person=second Number=plural | 1 | thou |
Pp3-pa | Pronoun Type=personal Person=third Number=plural Case=accusative | 3 | them, 'Em/them, 'em/them |
Pp3ms | Pronoun Type=personal Person=third Gender=masculine Number=singular | 1 | one |
Pp3msn | Pronoun Type=personal Person=third Gender=masculine Number=singular Case=nominative | 1 | he |
Pp3msa | Pronoun Type=personal Person=third Gender=masculine Number=singular Case=accusative | 5 | 'Im/him, 'im/him, him, 'E/he, 'e/he |
Pp3fs | Pronoun Type=personal Person=third Gender=feminine Number=singular | 1 | one |
Pp3fsn | Pronoun Type=personal Person=third Gender=feminine Number=singular Case=nominative | 1 | she |
Pp3fsa | Pronoun Type=personal Person=third Gender=feminine Number=singular Case=accusative | 3 | her, 'Er/her, 'er/her |
Pp3ns | Pronoun Type=personal Person=third Gender=neuter Number=singular | 1 | it |
Ps3 | Pronoun Type=possessive Person=third | 1 | yours |
Ps3--------------r | Pronoun Type=possessive Person=third Wh_Type=relative | 1 | whose |
Ps3--------------q | Pronoun Type=possessive Person=third Wh_Type=question | 1 | whose |
Ps3---s | Pronoun Type=possessive Person=third Owner_Number=singular | 1 | mine |
Ps3---sm | Pronoun Type=possessive Person=third Owner_Number=singular Owner_Gender=masculine | 2 | 'is/his, his |
Ps3---sf | Pronoun Type=possessive Person=third Owner_Number=singular Owner_Gender=feminine | 1 | hers |
Ps3---p | Pronoun Type=possessive Person=third Owner_Number=plural | 2 | theirs, ours |
Px1-s | Pronoun Type=reflexive Person=first Number=singular | 1 | myself |
Px1-p | Pronoun Type=reflexive Person=first Number=plural | 1 | ourselves |
Px2-s | Pronoun Type=reflexive Person=second Number=singular | 1 | yourself |
Px2-p | Pronoun Type=reflexive Person=second Number=plural | 1 | yourselves |
Px3-s | Pronoun Type=reflexive Person=third Number=singular | 2 | oneself, meself |
Px3-p | Pronoun Type=reflexive Person=third Number=plural | 1 | themselves |
Px3ms | Pronoun Type=reflexive Person=third Gender=masculine Number=singular | 3 | isself/himself, 'isself/himself, himself |
Px3fs | Pronoun Type=reflexive Person=third Gender=feminine Number=singular | 1 | herself |
Px3ns | Pronoun Type=reflexive Person=third Gender=neuter Number=singular | 1 | itself |
Pg3--------------r | Pronoun Type=general Person=third Wh_Type=relative | 3 | which, whichever, whatever |
Pg3--------------q | Pronoun Type=general Person=third Wh_Type=question | 4 | which, whichever, what, whatever |
Pg3-s | Pronoun Type=general Person=third Number=singular | 1 | another |
Pg3-p | Pronoun Type=general Person=third Number=plural | 2 | several, others |
Pg3ms | Pronoun Type=general Person=third Gender=masculine Number=singular | 5 | someone, somebody, no-one, nobody, anybody |
Pg3fs | Pronoun Type=general Person=third Gender=feminine Number=singular | 5 | someone, somebody, no-one, nobody, anybody |
Pg3n | Pronoun Type=general Person=third Gender=neuter | 5 | some, none, most, any, all |
Pg3ns | Pronoun Type=general Person=third Gender=neuter Number=singular | 14 | tis/this, this, that, something, nothing, neither, less, everything |
Pg3np | Pronoun Type=general Person=third Gender=neuter Number=plural | 5 | those, these, many, few, both |
Pt3 | Pronoun Type=ex-there Person=third | 1 | there |
Dd | Determiner Type=demonstrative | 1 | the |
Di | Determiner Type=indefinite | 2 | an/a, a |
Ds--------r | Determiner Type=possessive Wh_Type=relative | 1 | whose |
Ds--------q | Determiner Type=possessive Wh_Type=question | 1 | whose |
Ds1---s | Determiner Type=possessive Person=first Owner_Number=singular | 1 | my |
Ds1---p | Determiner Type=possessive Person=first Owner_Number=plural | 1 | our |
Ds2 | Determiner Type=possessive Person=second | 1 | your |
Ds3---sm | Determiner Type=possessive Person=third Owner_Number=singular Owner_Gender=masculine | 2 | 'is/his, his |
Ds3---sf | Determiner Type=possessive Person=third Owner_Number=singular Owner_Gender=feminine | 3 | her, 'Er/her, 'er/her |
Ds3---sn | Determiner Type=possessive Person=third Owner_Number=singular Owner_Gender=neuter | 1 | its |
Ds3---p | Determiner Type=possessive Person=third Owner_Number=plural | 1 | their |
Dg | Determiner Type=general | 4 | some, no, each, any |
Dg--------r | Determiner Type=general Wh_Type=relative | 2 | which, whichever |
Dg--------q | Determiner Type=general Wh_Type=question | 4 | which, whichever, what, whatever |
Dg--s | Determiner Type=general Number=singular | 10 | tis/this, this, that, neither, much, little, less, every, either |
Dg--p | Determiner Type=general Number=plural | 10 | those, these, such, other, most, many, few, certain, both |
R-p---q | Adverb Degree=positive Wh_Type=question | 3 | 'Ow, 'ow, how |
Rmp | Adverb Type=modifier Degree=positive | 3882 | zoologically, zealously, zanily, youthfully, youngly, yonder |
Rmp---r | Adverb Type=modifier Degree=positive Wh_Type=relative | 3 | where, whereupon, when |
Rmp---q | Adverb Type=modifier Degree=positive Wh_Type=question | 3 | why, where, when |
Rmc | Adverb Type=modifier Degree=comparative | 2 | worse, better |
Rms | Adverb Type=modifier Degree=superlative | 2 | worst, best |
Rsp | Adverb Type=specifier Degree=positive | 5 | very, too, so, much, as |
Rsc | Adverb Type=specifier Degree=comparative | 2 | more, less |
Rss | Adverb Type=specifier Degree=superlative | 2 | most, least |
Sp | Adposition Type=preposition | 89 | with, without, within, vis-à-vis, via, versus, upward, up, upper |
St | Adposition Type=postposition | 5 | 's/have, notwithstanding, '/have, away, ago |
Cc | Conjunction Type=coordinating | 1 | as |
Cc-i | Conjunction Type=coordinating Coord_Type=initial | 2 | neither, either |
Cc-n | Conjunction Type=coordinating Coord_Type=non-initial | 5 | than, or, nor, but, and |
Cs | Conjunction Type=subordinating | 52 | yet, whilst, while, whether, where, wherever, whereby, whereas |
Mc | Numeral Type=cardinal | 40 | zero, two, twenty, twenty-seven, twenty-five, twelve, trillion |
Mo | Numeral Type=ordinal | 33 | twentieth, twelfth, trillionth, thousandth, thirtieth, thirteenth |
I | Interjection | 14 | oh-o-o-o-oh, oh, hullo, hi, 'em, eh, clankclank, an', alas |
Y | Abbreviation | 1 | Dr. |
X | Residual | 1 | 2+2=5 |