3.5.4. Slovak Verb

3.5.4.1. Notes

• The verb "byť" (E. "to be") in all its functions is characte- rized as Type=c (i.e. the copula), which clearly is an over- simplification because the verb has more meanings (auxiliary etc.).
• Auxiliary verbs (Type=a) include neither the verb "byť" (see above), nor the modal verbs, and are limited to "mať"
• The 'past participle' in Slovak is used for expressing compound active past Tense and is encoded as: Type=p(articiple), Tense=pa(s)t.
• Adjectival active and passive participles, e.g. "stojaci" (E. "standing") or "urobený" (E. "made" or "done", cf. Note 4 above) are classified as (qualificative) adjectives.
• Negative verbs are marked as Negative=y, whereas non-negative verbs are marked as Negative=n.
• The term transgressive roughly corresponds to the term 'verbal participle'. The transgressives have present tense, and do not distinguish any other categories except for negativeness.
• Gender and Animate values correspond to those associated with Nouns and are necessary to account properly for agreement.
• Gender manifests itself in past participles only.
• Normally, verbs form the future tense periphrastically by auxiliary "byť" (E. "to be") plus infinitive of the main verb. In addition to the copula, there are, however, some verbs which form future tense non-periphrastically, i.e. synthetically (Verbs of motion). Such verbal forms are marked as Tense=f.
• Some modal and auxiliary verbs do not form imperative and transgressive.
• Verbs form negative by prefix 'ne-', with the exception of the verb "byť" (E. "to be") which forms the neagative in indicative by using separate particle "nie", e.g. "nie je" (is not). Here, "je" would be marked as negative, despite having positive form.

3.5.4.2. Combinations